Abstract Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are highly specialized parasites that interact with their host plants using a range of strategies.The esophageal glands are the main places where nematodes synthesize effector proteins, which play central roles in successful invasion.The Meloidogyne incognita effector MiISE5 is exclusively expressed within the su
One of the manifestations of the socialization of the economy is a change in the behavior of consumers, which leads to shifts in the structure of markets, the nomenclature of goods presented on them, and fluctuations in the ratio between supply and demand.A vivid example of such changes is the market of pet products, where thanks to the phenomenon
The concept of Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) postulates that adult-onset metabolic disorders may originate from suboptimal conditions during critical embryonic and fetal programming windows.In particular, nutritional disturbance during key developmental stages may program the set point of adiposity and its associated metabolic
Abstract Artificial rabbits optimization (ARO) is a metaheuristic algorithm based on the survival strategy of rabbits proposed in 2022.ARO has favorable optimization performance, but it still has some shortcomings, such as weak exploitation capacity, easy to fall into local optima, and serious decline of population diversity at the later stage.In o